Wednesday, 29 October 2014

Use what you have!

ear All,

Please find below a very good article by Mr. P V Subramaniam and as appeared in his blog subramoney.com for your reading:

Use what you have!

Here is a story..obviously from the great Hindu Mahasamudram. The learning is more materialistic. Obviously at the philosophical level it is the Gandhian philosophy – there is enough for every man’s need, not for every man’s greed. Or you could take it like the philosophy of salt – too much and the broth is spoiled, but absence can make the broth unpalatable. 

Long ago, a trader who went daily from his house in the foothills to the town below, for doing some trade. 

“I must have a holiday,” he said to himself one day, and he began to climb up into the hills to enjoy the hills. He saw a cave and went inside. He found a large earthen jar. Then another, and another and another — there were seven jars there, altogether! He wondered if he dared to open them. Curiosity overcame fright! There was no sound of anyone about and he did open it. He found he could lift the lid of the first jar. 

And wow! It was full of gold coins. So were the second, third, fourth and fifth. Under the lid of the sixth jar he found an aged piece of paper. 

On it was written, “Finder, beware! The seven jars of gold are yours, but there is a curse. No one who takes them with him can leave the curse behind.” 

Now, next to curiosity, greed is perhaps the most powerful urge! He wasted no time in borrowing a cart to carry the jars of gold to his house. It was exhausting, but surely worth the effort or so he thought! Bulky and hard to lift, they had to be taken two by two; in the dark of night he somehow managed to take them to his house. On the last trip, with the seventh jar alone, thankfully the load was lighter, and he noticed nothing. 

“Let me count the coins,” he thought, “and see how great my fortune is.” 

But when that seventh jar was opened he found it was only half-full.

“What!” he cried, “I was promised seven jars!” 

He had thrown the note away and forgotten about the curse. The merchant was overcome and obsessed by a spirit of grasping and greed. Obsessed with greed, the merchant made it the goal of his life now, to fill that seventh jar with gold coins. “I must fill the seventh jar with gold,” was his constant thought. Yet, strangely, the more he put into the jar, the more it remained half-full. 

He lived some years more, but never did he enjoy spending the gold he had found, because it was never enough. 

Lessons from the story: 

•    The trader was a bachelor and led a simple life – it would have hardly mattered whether he had the gold or did not have – money does not always change lives. 
•    Once we see 7 jars, we think it is our right to get it. Like we think the market SHOULD go to 21000, and then 25,000 and then 100,000. •    We have got used to a tax free compounding of equity returns – so again it has become our RIGHT. 
•    If my investment of Rs. 500 in 1978 has grown to Rs. 32,00,000 today, it is MY RIGHT. However if I have to pay 10% of that in tax, it hurts. However if it had become only (!) Rs. 29,00,000 I would not have cribbed, that is all.
•    If your goal is not well articulated and well thought of, life can be terrible. 
•    If the trader had got 4 jars, and the 5th jar was just half, he would have spent the rest of his life making that full. Funny, we forget WHAT WE HAVE. 
•    What we have – our family, friends, enough to eat, a roof over our head – are perhaps far more important, but we ignore them. 
•    The government can tax only people who have money – so capital gains will become a reality sooner or later, be ready. 
•    Wealth tax and Estate duty exist all over the world, we will have to learn to accept it – sooner or later. 
•    Curiosity, Greed, Fear – need to be controlled, we can rarely conquer it fully. 
•    Risk is a part of investing – the merchant throwing away the chit did not ELIMINATE the risk. 
•    To enjoy life you do not need too much money, you should know how to manage money well. 
•    It is easier to get wealth than to use it for happiness. You can even get it with luck, but managing it is an art. 

The BFSI space – including the software industry has been paid terribly more than the other part of the world – the real world of manufacturing, mining, infrastructure etc. 

The Salaries outside can catch up only when BFSI people are dramatically downsized – and it is happening…continuously. 

One important learning for the life insurance industry – mis-selling was done even in mythological tales – and the buyer was disappointed (6 and a half jars vs. 7 jars promised: AND ALL FREE). 

What will happen to a life insurance customer who has been promised 36% return who gets 3.6% return? L O L. 

regards

How Flipkart, Amazon and Snapdeal fund discounts

Dear All,

Please find below a good write up as appeared in Livemint on how the online stores are able to fund the huge discounts that they are offering:

How Flipkart, Amazon and Snapdeal fund discounts

The way the three firms fund discounts—indirectly—may give tax authorities a headache

E-commerce companies including Flipkart, Amazon and Snapdeal are funding discounts on their sites using mechanisms as complex as the complicated structures some have adopted to circumvent foreign direct investment (FDI) laws in India. 

The three major e-commerce companies operating in India—Flipkart, Amazon and Snapdeal—all operate as marketplaces. That’s primarily because Indian law doesn't allow FDI in e-commerce sites that sell directly to customers, but allows it in marketplaces that link sellers and buyers. The marketplaces also provide services such as payment, storage and delivery. 

As direct retail is banned, marketplaces are not allowed to exercise control over the product prices of the sellers on their platforms, including on the matter of discounts. 

Still, Flipkart, Amazon and Snapdeal do actually have a significant say in deciding product prices as all the three sites finance part and, in some cases, the full amount of discounts offered by sellers albeit in an indirect manner, according to six people with direct knowledge of the matter. None of them wished to be identified, given the sensitivity of the matter. 

The indirect manner of funding discounts (detailed below) may pose another headache for state tax authorities, which are already struggling to understand the business models of e-commerce firms. 

The Karnataka commercial tax department has stopped Amazon India from selling electronics and several other products from its warehouse in the state by cancelling the licences of third-party merchants that work with the local unit of the world’s largest online retailer, Mint reported on 15 September

Discounts are essential for e-commerce firms. Shoppers have taken to online shopping in a big way, mostly because of the lucrative discounts offered by e-commerce firms. At the same time, the deep discounting has attracted the ire of brick-and-mortar retailers, which are fighting to survive after losing customers to online retailers. 

The discounting process highlights some of the ways in which these sites spend the huge amounts of money that they have raised from investors, or in Amazon’s case, received from its parent company. 

Since starting out in 2007, Flipkart has raised $1.8 billion from investors such as Tiger Global Management and Naspers, including $1.2 billion this year. Snapdeal will soon receive more than $600 million from investors led by Softbank Corp., adding to the $233.7 million it raised earlier this year, Mint reported on 18 September

According to analysts, the various methods of offering discounts adopted by e-commerce firms also reinforces the need for state governments to issue clarifications on e-commerce and come up with a clear tax code addressing the nascent but fast-growing business. 

Mint lists some of the ways in which the three sites—Amazon, Flipkart and Snapdeal—fund discounts on their sites. 

Amazon 
After comparing prices with other sites, Amazon recommends the amount of discounts to its sellers on products, but doesn't force them to adopt these suggested prices. Sellers, however, end up keeping these suggested prices because Amazon finances the discounts. This is how it works: at the end of a certain period, sellers send a debit note to Amazon titled “promotional funding”. This note contains the amount of discount that the seller gave on apparel, electronics, toys and other products sold on the site. Amazon then pays the seller by cheque and in some cases, also gives additional money as the seller’s margin. This debit note is over and above what Amazon collects from the customer. 

The debit note also includes service tax that the seller collects from Amazon on the amount of the discounts. The seller then pays the service tax to the central government. In effect, the amount of discounts are currently being treated under central service tax laws rather than state tax laws. 

For instance, if a product priced Rs.100 is sold for Rs.70 by a seller on Amazon, the online retailer will collect Rs.70 from the customer, keep a cut for itself, and give the remaining proceeds to the seller. Then, Amazon will also give the seller an additional amount to account for the discount offered by the seller. This amount could be Rs.30 or lower. 

This method potentially poses a problem for state tax authorities. Tax is typically charged on the product when there’s a transfer of ownership. 

In the case of e-commerce, sales tax is collected on the cost of the product and then on the price at which it is sold to the final customer. If a product is sold on a site below the cost price—as it happens in some cases—then the tax collected from the customer is much lower than what was paid originally. In this case, the seller would potentially be eligible to get a tax refund from the concerned state tax department. 

An Amazon spokesperson insists that, “prices for products on the Amazon.in marketplace are determined by the sellers. We work hard and continually innovate to offer services such as FBA (Fulfilment by Amazon) and Easyship to sellers on our platform, that enables them to significantly lower their cost of selling and reducing defects as they sell to a nationwide customer base. Sellers pass on these savings as lower prices on the platform. On occasions, to promote our platform, we run marketing promotions”.

“We cannot comment on the tax practices of sellers who are independent business entities and responsible for their own taxes. As and when requested we extend our full cooperation to the tax authorities so that they are able identify and prevent tax leakages if any,” the spokesperson added. 

Flipkart 
WS Retail Services Pvt. Ltd, a seller on Flipkart, accounts for more than 75% of the site’s sales. For products sold by WS Retail, Flipkart doesn’t fund discounts. However, with other sellers, Flipkart suggests prices but unlike Amazon doesn’t typically pay the amount of discounts to sellers by cheque. Instead, it forgoes commissions or listing fees that marketplaces usually charge their sellers, according to two of the six people cited above. 

During Flipkart’s recent Big Billion Day sale, many of the sellers apart from WS Retail were simply promised a certain amount and discounts were almost entirely funded by Flipkart. Sellers were paid through bank transfer by Flipkart, according to the people cited above. 

With WS Retail, though, Flipkart has a closer business relationship. 

WS Retail was owned by Flipkart co-founders Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal (unrelated) until September 2012. The Bansals and two of their relatives were also board members at WS Retail. 

In September 2012, the Bansals were forced to sell a large stake in WS Retail to former OnMobile Global Ltd chief operating officer Rajeev Kuchhal, just weeks before the Enforcement Directorate launched an investigation into the company’s business relationship with WS Retail. Both the Bansals and their relatives gave up their board seats, too. 

Mint reported on 6 October that Tapas Rudrapatna and Sujeet Kumar, known to be close to the Bansals, control 46% of WS Retail, according to filings with the Registrar of Companies (RoC). Rudrapatna and Kumar were employed by Flipkart at least until September 2012. Their email addresses are still those of Flipkart, though Sujeet Kumar is listed as a permanent employee of WS Retail in documents with the RoC. 

A Flipkart spokesperson did not reply to an email seeking comment. 

Snapdeal 
Like Amazon, Snapdeal also finances part or full discounts given by most of its sellers. Snapdeal pays sellers by Real Time Gross Settlement, a form of Internet banking, or by cheque. Snapdeal refers to the discounts as “promotional expenses”. 

During Snapdeal’s recent Buy One, Get One promotional offer, sellers were paid for both products by Snapdeal, which charged its commission fee only on one item. A Snapdeal spokesperson did not reply to an email seeking comment.

ndian Investor Who lost Rs. 650 Crore by Investing in Property?

dear all

Indian Investor Who lost Rs. 650 Crore by Investing in Property?

In the latest Interview of Mr. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is popularly known as Indian Warran Buffet, with Forbes magazine, the following interesting point I derived out of it.

Rakesh, aged 54, is worth $1.86 billion (Rs.11, 346 Crore @ 1 USD = Rs. 61).

This entire Rs.11, 346 Crore has been built during last 3 decades through investing in Indian equity market, clearly shows how big equity market is either one give time or get advice from the financial advisor to get the best return.

Though he also trades at times, most part of his wealth has come from investing in high quality companies for long term and sticking on to this even the intermittent falls.

Conviction is more important, than what we know about anything!

Jhunjhunwala bought Titan shares in 2002-03 at an average price of around Rs 5; the stock then rose to touch Rs 80 and later fell to Rs 30, but he did not sell a single share. “That Rs 30 is nearly Rs. 400 today. And when it fell from Rs 80 to Rs 30, I lost Rs 300 Crore of value in my portfolio. But I never sold as I thought that neither EPS [earnings per share] nor PE had peaked and there was a lot of growth still to come.”

Jhunjhunwala plans to give away Rs 5,000 Crore or 25 percent of his total wealth, whichever is lower, to philanthropy when he turns 60 on July 5, 2020. And Jhunjhunwala’s track record would validate the
​chances
 of both targets comfortably.

In the recent past, we keep reading so many Indians are turn to philanthropy and donating multiple Crore of rupees. All of them are selling their equity share and none of them are coming from real estate builder or gold merchant as far as I read. Equity investors are not only creating huge wealth for themselves, and also passing so much of wealth to the society.

For a time being, please forget about passing wealth to charity; let us make money for ourselves by understanding the huge opportunity we presently holding in our hands, the realization matters! 

He is one of the largest shareholders in CRISIL. In 2005, he has sold CRISIL shares worth Rs.27 Crore to buy a house in Mumbai. That house is now worth Rs. 50 Crore.

The annualized return from his house stands at 7% during last 9 years.

The CRISIL shares he sold for Rs. 27 Crore is now worth around Rs. 700 Crore. This works out to a whopping annualized return of 44%. The opportunity loss is Rs. 650 Crore, in addition to that 40 Crore worth of dividend.

We don’t have wealth the size of Rakesh at any point of time, but we miss wealth making opportunity like above by buying a home in the initial part of our career there by losing opportunity to create wealth through equity.

All we should do is to invest in equity in early part of the career and buy the house in the later part. Remember, your father never buy property in the beginning of his career.

The beauty of creating wealth is to enjoy, not to get struck in buying property again and again and leave it to the next generations. It is after all one life to live and equity related investment is the only asset you can enjoy during your life time. Other investments are hardly.

Since, most of our earning goes into the house; we never get an opportunity to create big wealth which equity is the only asset class which gives level playing field, capable of providing us.

It would be wiser to create wealth during the first 20 years of career through equity and then go for owning a house. There is nothing harm in staying at rented house, so that you can’t compromise many things just because you bought a house at one place.

It is time for introspection!

Don't hate tax, it can be your good friend & save you money

Dear All,

Please find below a very good article as appeared in Economic Times for your reading:

Don't hate tax, it can be your good friend & save you money 

By Rohit Shah

My name is Tax, and I know you hate me. If you had your way, I would be abolished forever. I don't blame you, though. Nobody likes parting with his hard-earned money. Believe me, even I don't like to take away 10-30% of your salary, but you leave me with no choice with your haphazard savings and unplanned investments. 

For 11 months of the year, you ignore my presence, as if I don't even exist. When the accounts department of your company asks for a declaration of Section 80C investments, you give out random figures. Then, when the financial year is drawing to a close and you are asked for actual proof, you run around in a desperate attempt to avoid me. With no time for research, you choose suboptimal investments and low-yield insurance policies. This happens year after year. 

My advice to you is simple: start thinking about me from the very first month of the financial year. Choose investments where I won't have to shave off your gains. My friend ELSS (equity-linked savings scheme) fund, for instance, is a tax-efficient investment option in the Section 80C umbrella. 

Fixed deposits and the National Savings Certificates (NSCs) are not very helpful. I know you like them, but every time you invest in FDs, I get a fat chunk of the gains. My assistant TDS (tax deduction at source) collects the money on my behalf. TDS takes only 10% of the interest earned by you. If you don't submit your PAN, it is authorised to take away 20%. It pains me when I have to eat into your profits but only you can stop me. 

Don't hate tax, it can be your good friend & save you money

Apart from the Section 80C investments, there are other ways to save me. You can ask your employer to structure your salary in a way that it is friendly to me. Claim your house rent allowance if you live in a rented accommodation. Take a home loan and claim benefits on the interest and principal repayment. If your employer offers NPS as a retirement benefit, ask if you can opt for an additional contribution under Sec 80CCD(2). 

I am also friendly with other perks and allowances, such as conveyance, newspaper and periodicals, LTA and food coupons. If your firm offers you a car, opt for a leased vehicle rather than one owned by the company.

Try out these tactics to save me this year and I am sure we can become good friends.

(The author is Founder & Ceo, Getting You Rich) 


REGARDS

How Retirement Was Invented

Dear All,

Kindly find below a good article for your reading:

How Retirement Was Invented

The earliest schemes for financial support in old age were pegged to life expectancy.



In 1881 Otto von Bismarck, the conservative minister president of Prussia, presented a radical idea to the Reichstag: government-run financial support for older members of society. In other words, retirement. The idea was radical because back then, people simply did not retire. If you were alive, you worked—probably on a farm—or, if you were wealthier, managed a farm or larger estate.

But von Bismarck was under pressure, from socialist opponents, to do better by the people in his country, and so he argued to the Reichstag that "those who are disabled from work by age and invalidity have a well-grounded claim to care from the state.” It would take eight years, but by the end of the decade, the German government would create a retirement system, which provided for citizens over the age of 70—if they lived that long.
This was a big "if," at the time. That retirement age just about aligned with life expectancy in Germany then. Even with retirement, most people still worked until they died.
There were exceptions though. Military pensions had long been given to soldierswho had risked their lives (though those pensions didn't necessarily mean they could stop working altogether). In the United States, starting in the mid-1800s, certain municipal employees—firefighters, cops, teachers, mostly in big cities—started receiving public pensions, too, and in 1875, the American Express Company started offering private pensions. By the 1920s, a variety of American industries, from railroads to oil to banking, were promising their workers some sort of support for their later years.
Most of these pension programs pegged the retirement age to 65. This mark had less to do with health and more with economics—workers could keep on trucking for years, and "old age" didn't necessarily mean bad health. (There was some research, however, that documented a decline in mental capabilities starting around age 60. Conventional wisdom held, too, that by 60 a man had certainly done his best work and should give way to the next generation.) When the federal government started creating what would become social security, some of the policies suggested would have had workers off the clock at 60, or even earlier. The economics of that didn't quite work, though, and so when the Social Security Act was passed in 1935, the official retirement age was 65. Life expectancy for American men was around 58 at the time.
Almost immediately after that, though, that balance changed. The Depression ended, and wealth and better medicine meant that in the post-war boom, Americans started to live longer. By 1960, life expectancy in America was almost 70 years. All of a sudden more people were living past the age where they had permission to stop working and the money to do it. Finally, they began to retire in large numbers—to stop working, to embrace leisure, to golf. For a few decades, older Americans lived without working, enough that we've come to expect that we should be able to retire, even if that may no longer be financially possible for many. Today, the Social Security Administration estimates that there are 38 million retired people in the United States alone.
regards

Investors need to have patience and discipline: Prashant Jain

Dear All,

Please find below a summary of Fund Manager Mr. Prashant Jain's interview as appeared in CafeMutual for your reading:

Investors need to have patience and discipline: Prashant Jain 

Studies have suggested that in investing, up to 90% of returns and wealth over long periods are driven by asset allocation only and not by security selection or timing, says Prashant Jain, Executive Director & Chief Investment Officer of HDFC Mutual Fund.  

In the race to chase returns, investors move from one fund to another and thus tend to ignore the most important tool to create long term wealth - asset allocation. Studies have suggested that in investing, up to 90% returns and wealth over long periods are driven by asset allocation only and not by security selection or timing, points out Prashant Jain, Executive Director & Chief Investment Officer of HDFC Mutual Fund.

Here is a summary of Prashant Jain’s views:

  • Short holding periods of mutual funds dilute the potential of equities:compounding over long periods multiplies wealth manifold. Investors with short holding periods clearly do not benefit from this. That is why it is often said that“Time spent in markets is more important than timing the markets”. 
  • The nature of gold is such that it tends to preserve the purchasing power in real terms (this implies that gold returns are nearly equal to inflation) over very long periods. If holding gold for longer periods could increase purchasing power, then India should have been much richer by now. 
  • There are no funds that have been consistently on the top. To take an analogy from the game of cricket, the best batsman is not the one who scored the highest in the last game but is the one who has the best batting average in say, last 10 or 20 matches. Just as one match cannot be used to judge a good batsman, similarly one year’s performance is too short a time to judge equity funds. Instead, there is merit in assessing equity funds’ over 3-5 year periods (in fact ideally over a market cycle that is typically 6-8 years). Funds that have a good track record across market cycles are likely to be the investor’s best bets and 3-5 such funds is all that an investor needs from the 400 or so schemes. 
  • The worst on the economic front in India is clearly behind us – GDP growth is improving, current account deficit (CAD) has narrowed sharply, fiscal deficit (FD) is slowly but surely moderating, inflation is steadily coming down with visible moderation in key constituents i.e. food and fuel. Lower interest rates are thus a natural corollary over time. 
  • A strong, growth oriented and business friendly government bodes well for economic growth and for businesses. 
  • Given the likely recovery in the capex cycle, over the next few years India’s growth rates should exceed China. By the turn of the decade, India should thus emerge as not only one of the largest but the fastest growing economy as well. 
  • Current P/E multiples of equity markets are reasonable – neither expensive, nor cheap. However, corporate earnings should be better than estimates as corporate margins are significantly below the long term averages and should improve as capacity utilization and business conditions improve. There is thus room for multiples to expand as growth improves and as interest rates move lower besides strong earnings growth. 
  • The markets are up only around 30% from the pre Lehman levels over the last 6 years! Markets have thus sharply underperformed nominal GDP growth over the last six years, in spite of the sharp move in recent months.
  
Click here to read the full interview.


REGARDS

Tuesday, 21 October 2014

Financial advisors must be professionals or lose their relevance

Dear All,

Please find below a good article by Dr. Uma Shashikant, as appeared in Economic Times for your reading:

Financial advisors must be professionals or lose their relevance 

By Uma Shashikant 

One long-standing debate in the financial services business is about Do-it-Yourself (DIY) versus seeking professional help in managing wealth. Does it make sense to be DIY investors? Why should investors use financial advisors?

There are two primary reasons why DIY is a better choice: First, no one cares for your money as much as you do. Second, you cannot abdicate responsibility for your personal wealth. If these preferences are to be aligned with the engagement of a financial advisor, you need to do two things: First, establish that decisions are being made in your interest. Second, clarify how much of the responsibility is specifically being borne by the advisor, and how he can be held accountable. 

The trust gap that exists between financial advisors and investors today arises from the advisors' inability to establish to the investor that they are taking care of his money, as if it were their own. If this fundamental fiduciary relationship is not established and nurtured, investors will continue to toy with DIY, even though it is inefficient. The typical arguments for not choosing DIY, but engaging an advisor, centre around time, expertise, process, discipline and professionalism. 

These are all not insurmountable hurdles. At the same time, DIY is not easy to do. There is a limited amount of time, and investors might find it worthwhile to pursue their chosen professions and other interests, rather than allocate time to managing their finances. Without a deep and sustained interest in money matters, managing wealth may not get the time it needs. 

Expertise does not come easy, but for someone with determination, it is not too tough to acquire. Finance is some part math, some part economics and a good dose of plain common sense. Every profession creates its set of jargon and complexity, so it takes some effort to sift through and get one's bearings. 

Process and discipline are personal qualities. Not everyone can bring them to bear on managing personal finances. Managing wealth requires a good amount of initial effort to set things up and an on-going review to keep it going. Some investors who have developed a keen interest in finance and manage personal finances as a serious second line of interest, have been able to do a decent job of it. That most cannot or prefer not to be DIY investors, presents an opportunity for professional financial financial advice.

Financial advisors assume that the limitations investors face in managing personal wealth are reason enough to seek expert advice. But they fail to showcase the qualities needed to manage investors' money. Many advisors do not see investment in knowledge, expertise, systems and processes as prerequisites to be in the advisory business. 

To provide a viable option to DIY, it is important that investors see financial advisors as professionals. 

A professional is one who is willing to state, in unambiguous terms, the services that he would offer. He sets the correct expectation for his services, indicating what he would do and be accountable for. He reports, informs and communicates transparently how his advice has added value. In delivering these services, the professional subjects himself to a code of conduct. Trust can be earned only from behaviour that is transparent, fair, consistent and dependable. The financial services profession, including banks, brokers and independent advisors, has done precious little to establish these credentials.